Relevant datasets include:
drinking water quality
NMED (SDWIS - captures 1000+ PWS)
theoretically have the machine readable data available
SDWIS accessible online but not query-able per criteria (only viewable by well)
Connection between SDWIS and Drinking Water Watch (both EPA-driven) is somewhat locked under EPA set up
Drinking Water Watch: https://dww.water.net.env.nm.gov/NMDWW/
surface water quality
NMED regulates surface water quality under EPA (WQX)
700 units assessed by NMED (for various criteria)
theoretically have the machine readable data available
considers many categories and criteria, such as cold water fisheries, direct contact, or agricultural water quality issues
USGS collects intermittent and continuous surface water quality for research (on NWIS)
NMBGMR collects intermittent surface water quality for research
Universities collect intermittent SWQ for research
NGOs collect SWQ
groundwater quality
NMED regulates protection of groundwater from discharges, i.e. Nancy McDuffy
mostly spreadsheets and some paper files
monitoring well data - as required for discharge permits (such as petroleum storage tanks, dairy farms, or landfills) * these data include measurements of water levels
NMBGMR collects groundwater quality for hydrogeologic research
SQL database, can be made machine readable (and is connected by Sensor Things? Jake Ross )
USGS collects groundwater quality for hydrogeologic research
produced water quality
not regulated right now by NMED, no state agency database
eventually PRRC/NMPWRC hope to be intaking some quality data for treated produced water (that’s used outside of O&G)
precip water quality
Occasionally collected for research purposes (NMBGMR)
Table 1: The STA data model definitions and example mappings to NM agency datasets
SensorThings Entity | Description | … | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Metadata | Location | A unique coordinate or area on the surface of the earth | Street Address (possibly with associated latitude and longitude). (e.g. 3960 PRINCE ST) - geoCoding required | |
Thing | Some real-world entity with which one or more Sensors are associated | Sample Pt RT236I | ||
Datastream | A collection of Observations about an ObservedProperty produced by a Sensor associated with a Thing | Sample Results | ||
Datastream/observationType | The type of observation, codified in the Observations and Measurements data standard. Types include Categorical (defined text), Count (integer), Measurement (continuous number), Observation (free text), and TruthObservation (True/False) | Categorical or TruthObservation multiDataStream if there are multiple analytes | ||
Datastream/unitOfMeasurement | A three-item definition of the unit of measurement, including its name, symbol, and link to the definition (preferably to one provided in an established ontology such as http://unitsofmeasure.org/ucum.html or http://qudt.org/) | TCR Result (binary indicator: absence/presence) ug/l (micrograms/liter; also = ppb), mg/l (also = ppm), nTu, deg C, %, us/cm (microSiemens/centimeter), “pH” (techically dimless), rads, | ||
Sensor | The procedure used to provide a Datastream. Can be a particular data recording device model, or a defined procedure followed by a human observer. If applicable, a specific instance (e.g. a sensor model and serial number) | 9223B-PA (https://www.standardmethods.org/doi/10.2105/SMWW.2882.194) | ||
ObservedProperty | The raw or processed phenomenon (quantitative or qualitative) being measured for the Datastream. Preferably including a link to a definition provided by an established ontology or controlled vocabulary such as the ODM2 Controlled Vocabularies or http://qudt.org/) | Analyte (e.g. Coliform (TCR) (3100)) Turbidity | ||
OPTIONAL: FeatureOfInterest | The real-world feature that the Observations are about. This may or many not be different from the Location where the Thing on which the Sensor is mounted. Can include a JSON-formatted point location or a polygon or collections thereof. | Public Water System (head office location or service area boundary) (e.g. Albuquerque Water System PWSID NM3510701) | ||
Data | Observation | A single measurement value including the result, time values, and other metadata. Information on the ObservedProperty that was measured by what Sensor is provided by the Datastream these observations are in. Features of Interest are linked for each observation as well. Observations are linked to (collected in) Datastreams | Sample (e.g. 763391) | |
Observation/result | The actual measured value, with valid values defined in observationType and units defined in unitsOfMeasurement, both provided by Datastream | Sample Result (P (Positive/ Coliform found) A (Negative/ Coliform not found)) | ||
Observation/phenomenonTime | The date+time (or interval) in ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DDT:HH:MM:SS-Z) when the observation occured | MP (Monitoring Period) (e.g. 01-01-2020 to 01-31-2020) (might need to discuss this further to figure out value for entry; does coincide with entry within Drinking Water Watch) | ||
OPTIONAL: Observation/resultTime | The date+time that the result was generated. May be the same as phenomenonTime | Date (e.g 01-06-2020) (refers to sampling time, not time of lab analysis) | ||
OPTIONAL: Observation/validTime | The date+time interval during which the Observation can be used (often used for provisional values that are replaced by QA/QC’d observations) | |||
OPTIONAL: Observation/resultQuality | A description of the result Quality. Will vary according to agency practice. Can use ODM2 controlled vocabulary for data quality types as a guide. |
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